Soap Making
The Soap-Making Process
Saponification is a chemical process that involves the hydrolysis or breakdown of a fat or oil into its component fatty acid salts and glycerol. It is commonly used in the production of soap. The word "saponification" is derived from the Latin word "sapo," which means soap.
The process of saponification occurs when a fat or oil, which is an ester composed of a fatty acid and glycerol, reacts with a strong base, usually an alkali such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). During this reaction, the ester bond in the fat or oil molecule is cleaved, resulting in the formation of glycerol and the sodium or potassium salts of the fatty acids. These salts are commonly known as "soap."
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